Please help me with this confusing grammar?

Vietnam
July 9, 2011 11:30am CST
I read two sentences from grammar book and I cannot why they choose the answers like that. Can anyone who excels in English explain for me? 1/ Many professional ( I thought that we should use professionally) agricultural advisors were hired to boost the significantly declining industry. A. professionally B. professional C. professionalism D. profession 2/ The conference's speaker called this morning for confirmation (I thought that we should use "confirming") that everything has been set for his presentation. A. confirm B. confirming C. confirmation D. confirmed Thank you very much for your explanation.
2 people like this
7 responses
@xfahctor (14118)
• Lancaster, New Hampshire
9 Jul 11
My grammar skills are a little rusty and I am not very good at explaining grammar, especialy to a non-native speaker, but I will give it a try. In your first example, "professionally" is an adverb, used to describe or modify a verb (or anything other than a noun). "Professional" is an adjective, used to describe a noun. Adverbs are usually identified by the "y" at the end of the word. Since "agricultural advisors" is a noun, the correct choice would be to use an adjective, in this case, "Professional". In your second example, "confirming", the "ing" at the end of the word demonstrates present tense of the word. "Confirm" (with out the "ing" at the end) idenitfies it as future tense. Examples of propper use would be "I will confirm..." (future tense) "I am confirming" (present tense) (bonus tip for you) The past tense of the word would be "Confirmed". Note the "ed at the end of the word, indicating past tense, as in "I have confirmed" I hope I have helped.
1 person likes this
• Vietnam
9 Jul 11
@xfahctor: Actually, I am taught that after prepositions, we use V-ing. For example: We look forward to hearing from you. I do not think that " hearing" related to present continuous. So I got confused when choosing between "confirming" and "confirmation" @All: Actually, I think that adverb can be used to modify adjective. For example: The blouse was outrageously expensive.
1 person likes this
@wittynet (4421)
• Philippines
23 Feb 12
Hello, evergreentree! It's true that you can combine verb ending in -ing to the preposition to. For instance, I can say, I look forward to chatting with you again. But you must also remember that in every rule, there is always an exception. That's English grammar. Here are some examples of exceptions: to make to analyze for you for wittynet To and for are both prepositions which are followed by verbs, pronoun, and noun. The answers above are all correct. Professional is an adjective modifying agricultural advisors. Confirmation is a noun, and like my example above, for wittynet and for confirmation are the same. Wittynet and confirmation are both nouns which are preceded by a preposition for.
• Canada
9 Jul 11
okay so this is why the first word is professional. You're describing something, right? Professional is an adjective, a word that describes a noun (which is agricultural advisors in this case). You cant use "professionally" because that's an adverb, which is used to describe a verb. look at the sentence: Many (blank) agricultural advisors were hired to boost the significantly declining industry. There's no verb before or after the blank, so you cant use an adverb. SO... you have to use an adjective which is "professionally". The second one is kinda tricky.. you cant use "confirming" since it isn't in past tense. The sentence says the speaker "called" which is past tense. You can't use confirm either. So.. that leaves 2 other words. Can't use confirmed since it doesn't make sense. The person is calling for something so can't be a verb. That leaves the last one, "confirmation" which is the right answer... Hope I helped
• Vietnam
9 Jul 11
So how about this sentence: We looked forward to hearing from you, why you use "hearing" after "to", and "looked" is in the past tense
• Hong Kong
9 Jul 11
Maybe this is easier for you to understand the usage of the phrase "look forward to" You look forward to something but not look forward to DO something. The phrase "look forward to" must be followed by a noun phrase or a verb phrase with an -ing pattern. Some examples here: Peter is looking forward to the concert (noun) tomorrow. I am looking forward to seeing you (an event) next month.
• Hong Kong
9 Jul 11
by the way, hearing is not past tense.
@rameshchow (4426)
• India
11 Jul 11
You are from Vietnam, English is not our first language. So English is new for us, to learn this we have read the English grammar. And coming to your doubts, Professional word is used as like to indicate a profession. Before this you just see the English to your language conversion meaning. Then, you will know the definition con firmly.
@DoctorDidi (7018)
• India
28 Jul 11
'Professional' is an adjective. So it has been used correctly to qualify the noun 'advisors'. 'For' is a preposition, so it should be followed by a noun or pronoun and here 'confirmation' is a noun.
• Hong Kong
9 Jul 11
First you have to figure out the part of speech of the words first. For the first one, advisors is a noun, so what you need is an adjective to modify (or say to describe) it. Professional is an adjective but professionally is an adverb. Adverbs are used to modify verbs, such as "quickly" in "she ran quickly", or "she performed professionally on stage" ("professionally" modifies the verb "performed"). So the answer should be B. professional. For the second one, it relates to the use of "for". According to Michael Swan, "For is used to talk about somebody's purpose in doing something, but only when it is followed by a noun", it cannot be used before a verb. So if you look at the answers, confirm, confirming and confirmed are all verbs, the only option left is C. confirmation, which is a noun. So the answer should be C. Please see if you understand.
• Vietnam
9 Jul 11
Thanks much for your comment of the use of "for". Now I understand thoroughly the second sentences thoroughly.
@thetis74 (1525)
9 Jul 11
I'm really sorry if it would be hard for me to explain it, but i think I am pretty sure the answers should not be changed. For number 1, the answer is professional and for number 2, it's confirmation.
9 Jul 11
I'm rubbish with the proper names for things, so I'll explain as best I can in normal words and by examples. 1. If you use "professionally" in the first sentence, it means the advisors were professionally agricultural. In this case, "agricultural advisors" is their title and they are professional, hence "professional agricultural advisors" like "professional teachers" or similar. 2. "Confirming" is an action. "Confirmation" is a noun. The speaker called for confirmation, like he would call for coffee or a chat. He could also "call TO confirm (something)".