How humans to travel far into space?

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My question is more focused on the physiological problems that occur when humans exposed to different physical conditions of the Earth .. Let us begin .. Because there is no atmosphere in space, the atmosphere and artificial climate must be created in outer space planes ... the important thing is to remain high levels of O2 and CO2 levels must be low enough to avoid asphyxia (breathing problems) .. for a space flight prolonged, it is not practical to carry oxygen supply .. So is there an effective way to address the problem of oxygen? And we also need to consider the suitability of the normal barometric pressure of 760 mmHg partial pressure levels and balance for each gas are important such as Nitrogen, Oxygen and carbon dioxide levels .. because change is an effect that means for our bodies ... Then the problem of micro-gravity conditions in space travel .. Most of the negative effects associated are as follows: 1. Motion sickness during the early days of the trip 2. Translocation of body fluids due to gravity causing the failure of hydrostatic pressure 3. Reduced blood volume 4. Decreased cardiac output max 5. The loss of bone mass 6. Skeletal muscle atrophy, 7. Reduction of orthostatic tolerance (tolerance mechanisms of the cardiovascular system 8. Disruption of baroreceptor reflex (reflex blood pressure regulation ..) This persists even during the flight the astronauts have been exercising hard .. The study of the astronauts in outer space which lasted for several months showed a loss of 1.0 percent of bone mass every month even though astronauts are to continue Sports .. heart muscle atrophy and skeletal muscle substantially also occur during exposure to micro-environment old gravitsi. When space flight became increasingly long in preparation for allowing humans to explore more distant places like Mars, Pluto, Alpha Centauri, even to other galaxies, the gravitational effects of micro-old is a very serious threat to the astronauts, especially in the case of an emergency landing .. What can be done by us to solve this problem? Is it possible to develop a permanent artificial gravity instruments to avoid this problem? The next issue of the circadian rhythm (day-night rhythm of the body based on the intensity of light). Circadian rhythm is very sensitive to light stimuli, in addition to other factors that may also affect. In the afternoon when the light started to fade, our body automatically begins to prepare for sleep by increasing the levels of melatonin (a hormone) in the blood. Levels will remain high throughout the night to help sleep. This can happen because the secretion of melatonin by the pineal gland is inhibited by light and stimulated in low-light conditions. Light is so important for the process to sleep, it's often said that the sleep disorder first appeared in the discovery of the bulb. In addition it has been found, melatonin is also useful as an antioxidant, setting long-term memory, dreams, moods, immune system and prevent cancer. Office workers who frequent overtime have a higher incidence of cancer. If the astronauts about space travel, what steps can be taken? Is it possible to adjust the lights in order to follow the rhythm of a normal day and night? Then the crew of the ISS if the problem also considered? Finally .. If we fly at speeds close to or equal the speed of light .. how can we protect our bodies from the effects of linear acceleration? Is part of our bodies can still be in place if it is accelerating so much? I've heard that light travels in a curved space,,, if the spacecraft they will also move like a light curve if there is also a centrifugal acceleration force large enough to "kill"? According to the sources that I read, the effect of centrifugal force on the body's most important is the effect on blood circulation system because it is easy to move and can move due to centrifugal force, and there are also effects on other organs. For example bone, brain and eyes in style .. 20G, our bones will break . I was so curious because I am very interested in the fields of medicine and astronomy .. but i do not have enough knowledge to answer all questions that come to mind .. may be in addition to this there are very many problems faced by humans in space, since the human habitat is the Earth,,