Do we have a "soul"?

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The concept of "soul" is present in many cultures...but do we really have a "soul"? First of all, how can we define "soul"? One of the definitions in my dictionary is "the spiritual part of a person." Another is "a person's moral or emotional nature or sense of identity," and there are many others... In my personal view, the soul would be our identity - all those aspects of our existence there are not physical: our personality, memories, reason, conscience, etc. So my question is: do these aspects of who we are have an existence independent of our body? Will they last after our death? Are they composed of something other than matter? Or are they mere electrical impulses and chemical processes of our brain? Before answering the topic's question, it is important for everyone to state clearly what their definition of a "soul" is! Otherwise, ther might be some confusion here...